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Scientific name - Quillaja saponaria For the first time was introduced in Britain in 1832 as a botanical specimen. Synonyms - Quillaia poeppigii, Q. smegmadermos, Q. molinae, Smegmadermos emarginatus. Popular names - Quillaia, kilaya, quillaja, soapbark tree, Murillo bark, Panama Wood, Bois de Panama. Distribution and Habitat - originating in South America (Bolivia, Chile and Peru), Description - evergreen tree, 15-20 m high. Leaves simple, alternate, coriacee, limb oval edge gear, 2.5-5 cm long, short stalks. Flowers arranged in dense corymb, hermaphrodite, pentamere, white, 1.5 cm in diameter, calyx of 5 SEPA. Fruit capsule, containing 10-20 seeds. Growth rate - fast. Tolerances - temperatures up to(-8 ͦ C) and drought if in its natural range. Requirements - soil well drained, fertile, with exhibitions sunny or semi-shady. Management - new growth may suffer from late frosts. Young plants should be offered protection against strong winds. Propagation - by seeds in the greenhouse. The new plant is kept in the greenhouse one year. By cuttings, seedlings lignificati a year in November in the greenhouse. Properties and Uses - bark contains 8-10% saponins, is a cruel and odorless. Tintura obtained from Quillaja saponaria is recommended for shampoos against hair loss. Quillaja saponaria is used as a reforestation species for soil arid and ornamental tree. Myth, Legend and Folklore -- Quillaja saponaria used for over 100 years to extragerarea saponinelor. Saponinele leastrificate are used as an adjuvant for vaccines. References George A. Burdock - Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives - CRC, 1996 Gianfranco Patri - Plants in Cosmetics - Council of Europe, 2003 James A. Duke - Medicinal Plants of Latin America - CRC, 2008 K. Hostettmann, A. Marston - saponins - Cambridge University Press, 1995 Maurice M. Iwu - Handbook of African Medicinal Plants - CRC, 1993 W. Oleszek, A. Marston - saponins in Food, Feedstuffs and Medicinal Plants - Springer, 2000
See also
 Green Pharmacy
Luffa cylindrica
Herbaceous annual, voluble, mono. Strain pentagonal in section, 6 m high. Leaves alternate, 5-7 lobate, the cordata, acuminata peak or acute, margins iregulat needle, 5-7 ribs, limb 15 x 15 cm, 10 cm long, ribbed, hairy. Flowers monoecious, in axillary Cime, long-pedunculate, yellow, 8 cm in diameter. Nigella damascena L.
Annual species. Stem thin, ribbed, glabra, or geniculara erect, branched toward the top, 20-45 cm high. Leaves alternate, basal leaves linear-lanceolata, 2-3 pinnate-sectors; caulinare leaves are Sesi Stellar media (L.) Vill.
Popular names - Italy: centocchio, lugarina Erba, Erba di li addine; English: chickweed, satin flower. Stellar Media - herbaceous perennial, 80 cm, green stem, square in section, creeping with ascending branches, the root issue internoduri contact with the earth. Leaves oval-elliptical, the rod is round or cordiforme, the tip is acuminata, edge around Hamamelis virginiana
Species native to North America, lies at altitudes up to 1500 m in Romania is less common in parks and gardens as ornamental species. Leaves, branches and bark is an aromatic oil extracts used in medicine. Hedeoma pulegioides
Stem very thin, erect, branched, finely pubescent, 15-45 cm high. Leaves ovat until obovata-oblong, ribbed, few soirees, top obtuse, base narrow, glabra, slightly pubescent, thin, upper leaves are smaller. Flowers in bunches, axillary, pedicel pubescent, less than or equal to calyx, calyx pubescent, lobes 3 short and 2 longer lobes. Corola white or blue-violet. Blooms in July-September. Trees and shrubs
Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus - shrub to 3 m high, native of India and China, naturalized in southern Europe. cultivated as an ornamental tree in parks and public gardens, the street alignments or as hedges. Helianthemum nummularium - Rock Rose
Scientific name, Helianthemum numularium, derived from the Greek Helios = sun and the Latin word indicating the currency, numumus = currency, because the flowers that sparkle in sunlight like a golden coin. Sophora japonica - Japanese acacia
Sophora japonica - deciduu tree, 15-30 m tall. Originally from eastern Asia, is cultivated as an ornamental tree in gardens and parks in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. Hebe x franciscana
Hebe x franciscana - evergreen shrub, up to 1.5 m tall. Hebe x franciscana is a hybrid of Hebe speciosa Hebe from New Zealand and Elliptic. Magnoliopsida
Ziziphus jujuba Mill - jujuba
Deciduu tree, 5.12 m high. Stalk annually, thin, 2-3 mm diameter, pale green, glabra, geniculati. Leaves alternate, bright green, elliptical language-lanceolata, margine crenata, top obtuse or emarginat, the round or asymmetrical, 3-5 cm long; nervatiune arch, median rib and a pair of secondary ribs, pale green stalks, 5-7 mm . Geranium argenteum
Geranium argenteum - herbaceous perennial, grows in the Alps, the limestone rocks in central and northern Italy until SE France, from 1600-2100 m altitude. Rare species. Sambucus ebulus L.
Sambucus ebulus - herbaceous species, glabra, the root stock. Stem 0.5-2 m high, neramificata; grow in groups. Leaves opposite, imparipenat-compound, 5.9 folio with short stalks, lanceolata, the round or asymmetrical, peak acuminata, laced edge, the lower ribs are evident. Foliole terminal is greater than the side. Corylus avellana - hazelnut
Corylus avellana - shrub, common in Europe and western Asia, from plains to 1,200 m altitude, increase in association with Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Fraxinus excelsior, Lonicera xylosteum, Salix caprea, Sambucus nigra and Sorbus aria. Cotinus coggygria - Smoke tree
Cotinus coggygria grow spontaneously from Europe to China. Dear is often used as garden species because inflorescences purple-pink and purple leaves of cultivation. |
 
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